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PTE官方是如何总结SST核心内容的?你学会了吗!

发布时间:2021-03-28 18:37:14

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最近我们发现培生官网悄咪咪的发布了一套question bank. 如果考生想要单独使用是需要付费的。点进去以后发现有将近20套听说读写的题目可以练习,且每道题都给了答案和提示。


官方的题目永远是最好的教学和复习材料这么宝贵的资源我们可千万不能浪费了!如果我们从官方给的题目,答案和提示中来进行分析,就很容易抓住“高分”要点。更加正确地了解培生的出题思路啦!


今天我们就借着官方题库里给出的9套SST,来帮大家来分析一下这道让许多人头疼的题目。本篇教研会着重分析比较有代表性的题目,带大家一起来看看,官方对于高分的SST内容是如何处理的



-首先来听一道例题录音:

  

The word insomnia doesn’t actually appear in English until the 17th century. And it wasn’t used with any frequency until the 20th. Now this doesn’t mean, of course, that people didn’t have sleep problems before then. There are plenty of references to sleep disorders in historical texts. Um, plenty of famous people who documented their sleep problems like Benjamin Franklin. It’s sometimes supposed that it’s our increasingly stressful lifestyle, which is behind this awareness of insomnia or the increased instances of it. But I don’t really buy this. If you look at the lifestyles that people had to endure in the past, living through Wars or famines, or even the jobs that they had to do was nightwatchman or carers, many of them wouldn’t have had the luxury of regular sleep. What I think this increased use does indicate is the growing medicalization of our lives. That is the tendency to define various human conditions and life’s traumas as medical conditions. I think that’s, what’s behind this identification of insomnia as a condition in its own right. Instead of seeing it as part of a cluster of symptoms, which are the result of a particular physical or psychological disorder, or even just a person’s particular circumstances.


因为本期是来分析官方答案是如何处理SST内容的,所以如果听力有困难的同学,我建议大家反复多听几次,然后再对照文本,直至自己可以听懂;并把不会的单词、词组和句子理解到位为止。接着再跟着老师一起分析才会更有帮助哈。



我们先把文章分为几个部分:

可能很多同学会觉得,每个关键点都非常重要,不知道如何整理,也不知道怎么割舍。本期的教研报告,就给大家展示一下,我们平时分析SST的技巧是怎么做到“官方盖章认证”的


第一步:确认必须一定要写的;

第二步:确认肯定不用写的;

第三步适当删减,合并剩下的内容;

第四步:获得一个内容满分的SST



1.确认必须一定要写的

首先是,如何找到必须要写的有些同学可能会说,老师这文章太难了,单词也难,我肯定找不到什么是必须要写的。这里我们就要说了,靠纯读内容,肯定是不容易,但是靠逻辑词和转折词的提示,我们就能轻松理清楚一篇较难文章的脉络


首先我们来“化繁为简”,来观察一下文章中这么几个关键词:(标黄部分)

a. 文章开头第一句:The word insomnia …“失眠”这个词

b. …but I don’t really buy this…我不这么认为

c. What I think …

d. I think …


大家发现没,这样一划分,我们对于这篇文章的脉络就有了一定的把握。第一句话就点明确了本文的主题,所以SST中要有这个关键主题词,这个毋庸置疑:失眠insomnia。接下来作者提到了某个“观点或者现象”,但是她本人并不认同。然后,作者非常符合逻辑的,说出了自己的观点。而且对自己认同的观点进行了比较长和深入的探讨这有没有让大家想起来我们“大作文”呢:题目,反方观点(浅显),正方观点(深入)。


综上所述,我们是不是可以得出以下结论,也就是内容1,内容3,内容4是必须要写的,主题,作者认同的,内容2可以简化写,带过即可。



2.确认肯定不用写的

然后我们再来看看,有什么是一定不用写的——细节举例!我们很快就找到了两个细节举例的地方:名人Benjamin Franklin,和jobs 比如night carer。例子是用来干什么的?例子一定是用来支持观点的,所以这里要强调一下,细节例子本身是100%可以不用写的(除非非要凑字数)。



3.适当删减,合并剩下的内容

然后我们再来看看如何删减和合并。道理很简单,如果是讲同样的内容,我们就删减或者合并大家要知道一般说话都有个逻辑:先说后解释,我们就可以去删减和合并解释的内容,因为解释的内容都很长。


Franklin富兰克林的例子,就是在解释“早些时候的人也有失眠”。那么我们删掉例子,留下观点。这就是典型的删减。Night carer守夜人的例子,是在解释,“早些时候的人也有压力和工作”,我们删掉例子,留下观点即可。


我们来看看原文的三个内容,3直接删掉,2和4合并


内容2&3&4删减合并后结果为:People did have sleep problems before, and I think their lifestyle was as stressful as ours now. (以前的人们也有睡眠问题,而且他们的生活方式也同样有压力)


是不是很简单!但其实这短短一句话已经说清楚了234的全部内容,且删除了所有的例子。


解决了内容234,我们剩下说过要相对“深度”去描述一下内容5和6,因为这是作者赞成的观点。看原文:



我们先着重看删减,因为删减总是轻松的,断舍离嘛!看下划线的词,内容5里面的that is翻译过来叫做“那是说”,解释内容,删除!再看内容6,instead,翻译过来就是“相较于…”来说。举个例子:相较于牛奶,我更喜欢咖啡。所以在这里我们就删除掉相较于后面的内容就好!于是世界变得简单了!删除完以后,这两个内容变成这样:



然后我们可以再简化一下句型:

内容5:The speaker believes the reason that we increasingly use “insomnia” is the growing medicalisation now. 

越来越多的使用“失眠”这个词,是因为现在的“医学化”趋势。(医学化的意思这里不用解释,但是大家可以理解,就是把越来越多的一些症状判定为医学病症。)


内容6:The speaker believes with this identification/name, insomnia is a condition in its own right. 

作者认为,有了新名字/身份后,失眠就是一个独立的病症了。



4.获得一个内容满分的SST

好了,最后我们再把主题句拿出来,就完成了一个完美的SST:

a. The word “Insomnia” has become a common word after the 20th century.

b. People did have sleep problems before, and the speaker highlighted that their lifestyle was as stressful as ours now.

c. The speaker believes the reason that we increasingly use “insomnia” is the growing medicalisation now.

d. She believes that with this identification, insomnia is a condition in its own right. (60 words)


最后,我们来看看这道官方题库里的参考答案,跟我们分析的是否一致呢!



【官方答案】

The term ‘insomnia’ only came into common use in the 20th century, although sleep problems clearly existed before this. It is sometimes thought that this is the result of a more stressful lifestyle. However, the speaker attributes it to the tendency to define conditions such as the inability to sleep as single medical conditions, instead of part of a cluster of symptoms arising from a particular situation. (67 words)


大家可以比对一下,你会发现,官方答案的内容,和我们的内容相比较,是几乎99%以上的重合度


只是官方给出来的,全部是复杂句,用了很多的although,instead等等这样的连词把两个内容逻辑衔接的更紧密。对同学们非常不友好。所以,我们用更简单的方法,给大家呈现了同样满分的答案!



【飞凡满分答案】

The word “Insomnia” has become common after the 20th century. People did have sleep problems before, but the speaker highlighted that their lifestyle was as stressful as ours now. The speaker believes the reason that we increasingly use “insomnia” is the growing medicalisation now. She believes that with this identification, insomnia is a condition in its own right.  (58 words)

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